The UK's climate change advisors have criticised the handling of a switch to greener steelmaking at the country's largest plant in Port Talbot, which resulted in huge job losses.
Government ministers should have been better at planning ahead and making sure other green jobs were available locally, the experts said.
The independent Climate Change Committee (CCC) has set out its latest advice on how Wales reaches net zero – with a push for more electric vehicles, heat pumps and tree planting.
The Welsh and UK governments said they had been working together to develop "a strong vision" for the region's future and deliver "our clean energy superpower mission".